Conventional wisdom holds that acne is one of the conditions that don’t warrant much worry about, unless it is really ‘very bad.’ But what to do, one asks, if their case of acne turns out to be one of those that are ‘really bad?’ And the answer is, as always, to seek a physician’s advice. And what help does the physician offer for acne cases? In most cases, it turns out to be one or another prescription medication.
The specific medications
1) One good and commonly used prescription medication for acne is benzoyl peroxide. As with all peroxides, benzoyl peroxide comes in a variety of ‘strengths.’ Your physician assesses the severity of your acne case, and determines what strength to prescribe for you. It will normally be presented in the form of a gel, cream or lotion, but it can also be given a substance you add to your washing water. The mechanism for working of benzoyl peroxide is to kill the bacteria whose attack by the body’s white blood cells (and the enzyme the white blood cells produce to effect this), is what is thought to cause acne.
2)The second good and commonly used prescription medication for acne is azelaic acid. As it turns out, azelaic acid is one of the substances naturally found on the skin. So what azelaic acid as a medication does is to increase the level of azelaic acid on the skin, in the process reducing the populations of the acne bacteria. In the cases where acne has caused spots on the skin, azelaic acid is also known to reduce them.
3) The third good and commonly used prescription medication for acne is tretinoin. Unlike the previously mentioned prescription medications for acne, which attempt to kill or at least reduce the acne bacteria populations that are ultimately responsible for the acne infection, trenoin uses an altogether different approach to treatment. For it works on the premise that another major cause of acne (especially the variety of acne characterized by formation of ‘whiteheads’ and ‘blackhead’s) is the clogging of the pores on the skin. This clogging of pores on the skin in turn causes hair follicles that would have grown out of the skin to get trapped. When the hair follicles are trapped inside the skin, they tend to release the oil (sebum) present on them in the skin, with this sebum – through quite a complex chain of reactions resulting in acne. So what tretinoin does is to unclog the blocked pores, so that this whole acne formation process is interrupted.
4) The fourth good and commonly used prescription in the treatment of acne is clindamycin. This was actually one of the earliest medications developed for this condition, and one that has one of the best track records for success in treatment. It works in a couple of ways. One is that it reduces the populations of the acne bacteria on the skin – an important thing, keeping in mind the fact that, as mentioned earlier, it is the reaction of the white blood cells to these bacteria that results in what we see as the acne infection. Second is that it reduces the inflammation associated with acne, which is also the more worrying thing about acne, from a clinical point of view.
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