Feng Shui is the traditional Chinese custom of utilizing certain so called laws governing the heavens and earth which could improve through what is known as having positive Qi. Feng Shui history is definitely an ancient one and covers over 3,500 years. It's even older than the invention of the magnetic compass. A major part of its origins may stem from very old astronomy.
The astronomical history of Feng Shui is evident in the ancient devices that have been created in its practice. The earliest identified Feng Shui device might have been what is known as the gnomon. This instrument was used along with trying to circumpolar the stars in order to determine the north and south axis. This was mainly used in laying down initial Chinese settlements.
The ancient Yangshao and Hongshan cultures in China provide the initial evidences of the custom of feng shui. As prematurely as 4000 BCE, doors from Banpo dwellings were aligned to the star called Yingshi immediately following the winter solstice. This allowed the houses to be located for enhanced solar gain. During the Zhou era, the star Yingshi was acknowledged as Ding and had a huge impact in trying to determine the appropriate time to put up their capital city. This is matching to minutes on the Shijing.
An additional example of the practice of early feng shui may also be found from the tomb at Puyang that dates back to about 3000 BCE. This particular tomb includes mosaics of the stars known as Dragon and Tiger along with the Beidou, known in the Western world as the Big Dipper constellation. The mosaics appear to be oriented along the north to south axis. The presence of round and square shapes were also discovered at the Puyang tomb as well as at the Hongshan cultural ritual centers and the former Longshan settlement. These evidences suggest that the custom of gaitian astronomy (belief in a circular earth and a square earth) was already current in the ancient Chinese civilization.
One of the oldest devices utilized in primeval feng shui were the liuren astrolabes. These ancient instruments consist of a lacquered, two-sided plank fitted with astronomical sightlines. The oldest of the liuren astrolabes have been found and discovered from tombs dating from 278 BCE and 209 BCE. These ancient astrolabes illustrate the cord-hook diagram and some of those discovered even incorporate the magic square of three. The markings on these instruments remained unchanged, from the primeval astrolabe down to the earliest magnetic compasses.
The tradition of astronomy that bears a noticeable resemblance to many modern feng shui instruments and theories were also discovered on a jade relic found in Hanshan that dated at approximately 3000 BCE. Ancient structures in China which incorporated its palaces in the capital cities are all affected by feng shui in their design and layout. The rules that were adopted were written in the Zhou period on the "Kaogong ji", or the "Manual of Crafts".
The magnetic compass was at first invented for the practice of feng shui and has been in use since its creation. Traditional feng shui devices include the Luopan or the earlier south-pointing spoon or the zhinan zhen. This reveals the magnitude of feng shui history and its long standing tradition in ancient Chinese history.
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