The worldwide reach of extra adventurous travel brings exposure to a host of probably fatal diseases.
Bird flu
Symptoms and effects: Bird flu, or avian influenza, is a viral illness which usually solely impacts birds (and, much less generally, pigs). On uncommon events, the virus has jumped to humans. Sure strains of the virus are more likely to be linked to serious disease in humans. Outbreaks brought on by the H5N1 strain, at present current the best concern. When human cases of avian influenza have been reported, the illness has been severe (respiratory illness) and typically deadly (23 deaths out of 34 circumstances in the outbreak in early 2004).
Areas at risk: Vietnam, Thailand, China, Republic of Korea, Indonesia, Laos, Cambodia and Japan.
Prevention and remedy: Avoid contact with livestock in outbreak countries. Wash arms regularly. Antiviral drugs have been used to manage human instances of hen flu.
Sleeping Illness
Signs and results: Sleeping sickness is transmitted by the chew of an contaminated tsetse fly. Tsetse flies are interested in transferring vehicles and can usually observe safari trucks. First symptoms of the disease are seen on the website of the chunk, where a painful nodule can develop. Fever, headache, enlarged lymph nodes and rashes may additionally be noted. If left untreated, the disease will progress to trigger physique wasting, sleepiness and ultimately death.
Areas in danger: Africa
Prevention and remedy: To stop bites, hold the doors and windows of safari automobiles closed when possible. Kill any flies that enter with a “knock down” fly spray. Repellents provide limited protection. Drug therapies are available.
Tick fever
Signs and effects: Tick bite fever is brought on by a bacterial infection transmitted by ticks. Signs differ but usually the sickness is characterised by excessive fever, headache, rash and swollen lymph nodes.
Areas in danger: Africa, but also transmitted by domestic European ticks.
Prevention and remedy: Put on lengthy-sleeved garments, including trousers, in scrub land, pastures and forests. Use repellent on uncovered skin. Ticks must be eliminated by light steady pulling, using tweezers or fingers protected by tissues. Take care to remove all of the tick as the mouth elements trigger local an infection if they don't seem to be absolutely removed. Apply antiseptic to the bite website and, if a tick has been touched with bare hands, wash thoroughly with soap and water. Infections reply nicely to remedy with antibiotics corresponding to Doxycycline.
Ebola
Signs and effects: Ebola haemorrhagic fever (EHF) is a virus brought on by the filoviridae family of viruses. The disease causes demise in up to 90% of all cases. Transmitted by direct contact with the blood, secretions, organs or different bodily fluids of contaminated persons. Characterised by the sudden onset of fever, intense weakness, muscle ache, headache and sore throat. That is adopted by vomiting, diarrhoea, rash, impaired kidney and liver perform, and, in some cases, each inner and exterior bleeding.
Areas at risk: Zaire and Sudan.
Prevention and remedy: None.
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