Pearls are very soft and fragile. It's essential that they are correctly cared for. For a start pearls need to be stored in a jewelry box or a pouch has they can damage very easily if they touch other metal jewelry. Acidic skin can harm a fine quality pearl necklace. Since pearls are usually in close contact to a woman's skin they are likely to gradually store acid from the skin which tends to eat away at the pearl.
This is a slow and progressive process, over time if care is not taken the pearl will lose its luster and may even change shape has the acids eat away the pearl. After you wear pearls, just wipe them off with a soft cloth or chamois, which may be dry or moist. This will prevent dirt from gathering and keep perspiration, which is slightly acidic.
Another irritant to pearls is perfumes, vinegar and lemon. This is a same theory these are all acidic and eat away at the pearl. Heat is also damaging to pearls has it can make them turn and brown and drive them out possibly even make pearls crack. Dry air in safe deposit boxes is damaging to pearls. To preserve a pearl ring grasp it by the shank or metal part instead of grabbing the pearl. This shields from having the pearl pop out of the metal shank and the same time you avoid touching the delicate pearl.
To clean a pearl you must also be gentle. Possibly the best way to clean pearls is to let them soak in warm water and use a mild pearl cleaning solution. If you must use a chemical cleaner make sure it's certified for pearl cleaning. Some liquid soaps, such as Dawn, can damage pearls. Pay attention to the areas around the drill holes where dust may tend to collect.
After cleaning your pearls, lay them flat in a moist kitchen towel to dry. When the towel is dry, your pearls should be dry. In the cleaning procedure don't use a toothbrush or any kind of scouring pad to clean the pearls, let them dry out before you where the pearl necklace, and certainly do not hang pearls up to dry has that this can stretch the restring. Have your pearls restrung once a year if you do wear them often.
And actually when you wear your necklace and you notice that the string is beginning to stretch or dirt is gathering on the string or knots then this is a good time to restring the pearl necklace. Contemplate bringing your pearls to be cleaned professionally once a year at least.