Sudden cardiac death (sudden arrest) is death resulting from an sudden loss of heart function (cardiac arrest). The victim may possibly or may not have diagnosed heart illness. The time and mode of death are unexpected. It occurs within moments following symptoms appear. One of the most typical reason for patients to die suddenly from cardiac arrest is coronary heart illness (fatty buildups in the arteries that supply blood to the heart muscle).
All recognized heart diseases can result in cardiac arrest or sudden cardiac death. Most of the cardiac arrests that result in sudden death happen when the electrical impulses within the diseased heart develop into rapid (ventricular tachycardia), chaotic (ventricular fibrillation) or both. This irregular heart rhythm (arrhythmia) causes the heart to suddenly quit beating. Some cardiac arrests are due to extreme slowing of the heart. This is known as bradycardia. Bradycardia is common in premature infants.
In 90 percent of adult victims of sudden cardiac death, two or much more major coronary arteries are narrowed by fatty buildups. Scarring from a prior heart attack is found in two-thirds of victims. When sudden death occurs in young adults, other heart abnormalities are a lot more likely causes. Adrenaline released in the course of intense physical or athletic activity often acts as a trigger for sudden death when these abnormalities are present. Under certain conditions, different heart medications along with other drugs - along with illegal drug abuse - can result in abnormal heart rhythms that cause sudden death.
The term "massive heart attack" is typically wrongly used within the media to describe sudden death. The term "heart attack" refers to death of heart muscle tissue because of the loss of blood supply, not necessarily resulting in a cardiac arrest or the death of the heart attack victim. A heart attack may trigger cardiac arrest and sudden cardiac death, but the terms are not synonymous.
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