Art school is a colloquial term for any educational institution (whether elementary, secondary, post-secondary/undergraduate, or graduate/postgraduate) with a primary focus on the visual arts especially graphic design, illustration, painting, photography and sculpture. Sculpture is Three-dimensional space artwork created by shaping or combining hard and or plastic material, sound, and or text and or light, commonly Stone sculpture, metal, glass, or woodThey are distinguished from larger institutions which may also offer majors or degrees in the visual arts, but only as one part of a broad-based range of programs (such as the liberal arts and sciences). France's Ecole des Beaux-Arts?cole des Beaux-Arts refers to a number of influential art schools in France. The most famous is the ?cole Nationale Sup?rieure des Beaux-Arts, now located on the Rive Gauche in Paris, across the Seine from the Louvre, in the 6?me arrondissement, Paris....??is perhaps the first model for such organized instruction, breaking with a tradition of master/apprentice instruction. If accredited as a college, most art schools grant a Bachelors of Fine Arts or a Fine Art B.A in the United Kingdom and perhaps other degrees. Bachelor of Fine Arts and design schools in the United States Institutions commonly referred to as art schools in the Unites States are usually specialized, free standing, colleges of art and design. They typically confer Bachelors of Fine Arts and/or MFA degrees but also offer a range of other degrees (the BA, BS, BArch, MA, MArch, MBA and so on). Bachelors of Fine Arts and BS's differ from BA's in that approximately 60-65% of a student's coursework is focused in art and design while the remainder is focused on liberal arts and art history. In the Bachelor of Arts degree those proportions are reversed. The MFA is traditionally referred to as the "terminal" degree in the field of art and design. Doctoral degrees in art and design in the United States are rare.Art colleges come in all shapes and sizes. Curriculum at these schools varies widely - from the classical to the contemporary, the highly structured to the entirely individual, the extremely focused to the very broad, and the practice-oriented to the more theoretical. They range in enrollment size from just over 100 students (e.g. Lyme Academy College of Fine Arts, Oregon College of Art and Craft, Art Academy of Cincinnati) to mid-size colleges such as the Kansas City Art Institute, with about 600 students, to colleges of more than 4,000 students (e.g. the Academy of Arts university, Parsons the New School for Design, Pratt Institute, and Savannah College of Art and Design). Unlike Europe and abroad, art colleges in the U.S. tend to be private and not-for-profit, that is, not government-funded. Nearly all the art colleges of this variety are members of the Association of Independent colleges of Art and Design and accredited by the National Association of School of Art and Design (NASAD). While there are a number of state-supported (public) university art departments, there is only one state-supported free-standing art college in the United States - Massachusetts College of Art and Design in Boston. There are also many for-profit colleges of art, namely the Art Institutes, a chain of 41 art colleges located throughout North America. Some art schools partner or pair with nearby universities for cooperative programs, for example Maryland Institute College of Art with John Hopkins University, Milwaukee Institute of Art and Design with Marquette University, Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts with the University of Pennsylvania, Rhodes Island School of Design, with Brown University and the School of the Museum of Fine Arts with Tufts University.Some institutions often referred to as art schools are actually divisions of universities such as Art Institute of Boston at Lesley University, Herron School of Art at Indiana University, The New England School of Art & design at Suffolk University, Parsons the New School of Design at The New School, and Tyler School of Arts at Temple University.
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