The specificity of a forensic analysis depends on the domain or field of the criminal investigation. Thus, the procedure of forensic analysis will differ for homicide and corporate data theft and it is very clear why.
There are however some general common grounds that are encountered with both procedures. First of all, finding evidence that can be accepted in a court of law is not enough.
Sometimes the nature of the evidence is versatile or perishable and the forensic investigator has to do everything to preserve it or at least to make good viable copies. Once a crime scene is thoroughly searched by forensic experts, a forensic analysis moves in the lab.
The laboratory forensic analysis can reveal a whole range of traces and evidences that cannot be identifiable on the spot and with regular means.
Thus, fingerprint matching, facial portraits from DNA prints, analysis of minerals, textiles, germs and bacteria as well as other elements collected on the crime scene get under micro-scrutiny to be proved or improved as relevant or irrelevant for criminal prosecution. In case victims are involved in the forensic analysis, medical exams and checks will be performed by people who are qualified to identify anything with relevance for the case.
People often get a false impression that any forensic analysis inevitably refers to manslaughter or some very serious crime involving victims, but forensic investigations are conducted for a whole range of other reasons. Where there is a work accident, a fire, a case of identity or data theft, situations of financial fraud and so on, a good forensic analysis could reveal the culprit, and even help to reducing loss and recovering data. The criminal justice picture we tend to attribute to a regular forensic analysis results from the impact that police TV series such as CSI have on popular culture.
Moreover, information on how a forensic analysis is conducted is plentiful in Discovery documentaries in the forensic crime investigations. It seems like there is an international trend to be fascinated with the sensationalism of violence and ever younger people are psychologically affected by such trends in the group subconscious.
Nobody should interfere with forensic investigation because without knowing it one could destroy or ruin evidence and affect the very course of a trial. Let's leave the drama aside and allow the professionals to do their jobs. A forensic analysis is not amateur detective work but something a lot more complex from the scientific point of view.
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