Eczema, a skin disorder that commonly causes itchy, reddened, dry skin, can be hereditary, but it can also be caused by environmental factors. These factors can be household chemicals, soaps, detergents, perfumes, colognes, and other irritants, and even too much stress can be a cause of eczema. The most common symptoms of eczema are reddened, dry skin that burns or itches, but its appearance can vary depending on the type of eczema and also from person to person, so it may appear as blisters or oozing sores. Thickened, crusty skin may result from constant scratching.
Some objects and chemicals that contact the skin, including jewelry, detergents, clothing, cosmetics, soaps, and even sweat, can bring on some types of eczema. Allergens or irritants in the environment may also cause this skin condition. Mental stress or changes in humidity and temperature are other factors that can bring on eczema in some cases.
Soon the areas that are affected become thickened and dry, or they may become scaly. On people with light skin, the affected areas may become reddish and later darken to brown. On people with dark skin, the areas may become either darker or lighter.
Both children and adults may be affected with eczema, and it may appear anywhere on the body, but the usual parts affected are the face and neck and the insides of the ankles, knees, and elbows. Infants also can have outbreaks of eczema, commonly occurring on the neck, scalp, cheeks, forehead, forearms, and legs.
There are short-term cases of eczema where the condition only lasts for several hours or a few days, and there are other cases, called chronic dermatitis, where the eczema lasts for a long period of time.
It is believed that eczema is caused by the immune system of the body overreacting to some unknown factor, but the exact cause has not been pinpointed. Avoiding the irritants and initiating factors given above may help to relieve the symptoms of eczema or prevent a recurrence of the condition. If you are prone to attacks of eczema, you should keep track of the food you eat, the detergents or other chemicals with which you come in contact, the fabric of your clothing, and any other environmental stimuli that might be causing the disorder.
For severe cases, you can get help from a dermatologist. These professionals have the experience, the training, and the resources necessary to diagnose and treat your skin disorders.
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