If you are developing an interest in rugs, or if you want to buy one with some knowledge under your belt, you should know the common terms that are used when rugs are discussed. In alphabetical order, here are some words and phrases that will help you understand what a rug vendor or rug expert is talking about.
Abrash refers to the changes in color in a hand-made Persian rug. This effect happens when the color of the yarn, or dye has been changed for some reason or other while the rug was being crafted. In antique rugs, abrash occurs naturally, but the look can also be created deliberately to make the rug look older than it really is.
Aubusson weave - a French method of weaving by hand, also known as tapestry weave.
An Axminster can mean a kind of carpet, or a kind of loom. The Axminster loom was invented in the town of the same name in England and was an improvement on other looms of the time as far as the addition of colours and variation of designs were concerned.
While not exactly a weaving form, Carding is a process where the fibers made of wool are evened out to achieve a smooth, silky texture. This process is done by tugging the fibers through spiked paddles.
Let's proceed with a terminology, which means change in color for handmade Persian rugs, called Abrash. This happens when the color of the yarn or the dye has been altered during the making of the rug.
As with types of rugs, there is Flokati - a hand woven rug from Greece once used as a clothing material. This rug is made from wool, which explains its soft and cottony texture. It is also one of the most expensive rugs around.
An Axminster is like a carpet or a type of loom. It was discovered in a town in England called Axminster, thus the likeness in name.
Knot count means the number of knots present in 1 square inch of rug. This is a measurement used to assess the quality of a rug. These measurements vary depending on where the rug is from.
The fine wool from the underside of a sheep is called kork, and it is used to make certain rugs.
Luser means the shining quality and brightness of the fibres and yarns used to make rugs.
A medallion is a circular or elliptical design element in the middle of a rug.
If we're talking about the luster quality of a rug, we are referring to its Luser.
Pile is the face of a rug, the wool woven into loops that are perpendicular to the base of the rug. The height of a rug's pile is measured in tenths of an inch.
We know the front and back of the rug and just call them as is. But the front side is actually called the Pile. You can see the wool woven into loops and are parallel to the base of the rug.
Finally, if you see a yarn on the loom, that's called a Warp. The Weft is the yarn that is found across the warp.
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