Down syndrome is also known as trisomy 21 or trisomy G, this is a disorder happens because of an extra production of chromosomes. The disorder is distinguished by a minor and major difference when it comes to the structure. Often times, this disorder is closely related to physical growth and cognitive impairment that affect the physical appearance of the child. A fetus can already be diagnosed to have this syndrome through amniocentesis while the mother is still pregnant or, even if the mother had already delivered the fetus.
A person who has this syndrome will have a lower IQ and cognitive thinking, and often times will range from a mild to a moderate impairment. However, there are few individuals that suffer from a severe mental disability. The usual IQ of a person who has this syndrome will approximately at the level of 50. This is a big difference when compared to a normal child who has an IQ of 100. According to the study, the child might have this syndrome if the mother is already old. However, there are some factors that must also be considered.
If a person has Down syndrome, he or she will be at risk of having gastro esophageal disease, sleep apnea, thyroid dysfunction, ear infection and congenital heart defect. There or some ways that can be done to detect early signs and symptoms of the said disorder. Early screening can be done to have an appropriate treatment. Parent support is the most important thing that must be considered because the child is very dependent to their parents. A child who has this disorder should also be treated normally like other children because they have the right to be loved by everyone.
The disorder cannot be prevented but can be detected, even if the child is not born yet. Basically, during conception, the fetus will inherit some genetic information from the parents. In this case, the fetus has an extra chromosome that makes the developmental delay and different features. However, no one ever knows how this disorder happens and there is no way that a person can prevent the errors of the chromosome.
A child who has this disorder will have some physical features such as a flat face, low set small ears, protruding tongue and the eyes are slightly up. They also have weak muscle tone wherein their extremities are floppy. During birth, the newborn has a normal size and weight but their growth is very slow. If a newborn has a weak muscle tone, sucking and feeding may be difficult for the baby, including the digestion of food because there is a slow peristalsis in the stomach. While for toddlers and other children who have Down syndrome, they may have a delay in speech and skills such as toileting, feeding and dressing.
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